The Calm-Waters and White-Water Rapids Metaphors Used for Change Management Free Essay Example, 2000 words

The interruption that it comes across with is temporary. Kurt Lewin s 3-step change process is a comprehensive explanation of the metaphor. The three steps include unfreezing of the status quo, modification to the new state, and freezing the change again in order to make it permanent (Robbins and Coulter, 2007). Status quo constitutes a state of equilibrium. In order to break away from this state, it is pivotal to unfreeze; this encompasses the notion of making preparations for ushering in change. Unfreezing subsequently requires a change in either the driving forces or the restraining forces. Driving forces include those factors which can accelerate the pace at which change occurs. Contrarily, restraining forces form an obstacle to change. Thereby, the focus is on amplifying driving forces and cutting down refraining forces. After status quo has been abandoned, the next step is the implementation of the change. For the change to be long-lasting, freezing needs to be done again. Thi s would ensure that the new state would not revert back to its former form (Robbins and Coulter, 2007). Thus, the third step helps to buttress the change and make it permanent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Calm-Waters and White-Water Rapids Metaphors Used for Change Management or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page White-waters rapids envision a dynamic environment in which the organization has to be flexible and responsive to change in order to stay at par with its competitors. A structured organization has minimal chances of surviving in such an environment because of the demands for accommodating to an uncertain future. For practical purposes, the predictable and smooth environment assumed by the calm-waters metaphor is not usually seen.

Psychology Connecting Mind, Research, And Everyday...

In chapter four of Bruce Goldstein’s Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday Experience the author explores the topic of attention as it relates to the study of cognitive science. Providing an overview of the contemporary theories on information procession, the author examines attention and presents scenarios where research has influenced legislation. One of these examples relates to the study of overt and covert attention and how divided attention works. By using the analogy of driving a car, the author dissects the many processes that allow us to multi task in everyday life. Referencing the following article, the author explains how we become distracted and the implications on daily life (Goldstein, 2015). In this study, the authors were interested in the effects of distraction on driving performance. At the time of its creation there were no significant naturalistic studies on distracted driving. A majority of the previous work included simulated driving as well as researcher observed driving situations. To overcome many of the obstacles posed by prior research, the authors implemented a system where the participants’ vehicles were equipped with multiple cameras that recorded both front and rear view footage of everyday driving over a two year span. The research goal of this study was simply to determine if recorded data could be used to quantitatively identify factors in accidents and near-crash situations (Dingus, T.A, Klauer, S.G., Neale, V.L.,Show MoreRelatedPsychology : Cognitive Psychology And Psychology980 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Psychology 1064 Words 5 Pages Cognitive psychology began around 19th century. Different approaches have been used to trace the roots of psychology. It is also known that cognitive psychology was out numbered by behaviorism but later revived, bringing into being cognitive revolution. 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Visual perception is left to the individual person to make up their own mind. Perceptual organisation occurs when one groups the basic elements of the sensory world into the coherant objects that one perceives. Perception is therefore a process through which the brain makes sense of incoming stimuli. The process ofRead MorePersonal Experience Of Science2166 Words   |  9 PagesPersonal Experience Of Science Born as I was into the immediate post-war generation, my thinking on science parallels in many ways the generation as a whole. We came along in the aftermath of the first scientific war – fought between countries with, in many ways, highly-developed technologies, which served to both fuel and end the conflict (Brehm, Kassin, Fein, 1999, cited in Schneider, Grunman Coutts, 2005). But then came the first inklings that there was both more and less to science than

Relevance of Mainstream Media in the Online Era

Question: Discuss about theRelevance of Mainstream Media in the Online Era. Answer: Introduction Innovation of new media has offered many opportunities to the world, at the same time it has challenged the existence of traditional media. It has brought a revolution in the world of media (Bagdikian). In todays busy life, people are depending on internet for fast and free news update. It has become an implicit part of modern life. Mainstream media used to play a key role in the society when there was less availability of news. However, things have started transforming in last few decades with the exposure of new media. The following article emphasises the present condition of the mainstream media like newspaper, radio, T. V in this online era. It is trying to enlighten each negative and positive aspect of traditional and new media. During pre-internet era, traditional media was rising high every day. It was the only medium for people to get daily news update (Belch and Michael). They used to depend on the morning newspaper for yesterdays news. The advertisers used to pay the media houses for big exposure. After the invention of television, news became more exciting for the people. Then they could witness the occurrence through the live updates of the T. V channels but they needed to wait for the news segment. However, the scenario has changed in recent time. Internet has provided the audiences a wide range of choice (Saxton and Lili). People have become more tech savvy today. Many of them are using mobile phone, tablet. Their favourite news is just one click away from them. Traditional media is facing obstacles everyday due to the progress of new media. To fight against the situation every traditional media houses are launching their web version. Internet being an integral part of new media is flourishing day by day. It is changing the whole outline of media. In this online era people play dual role. They consume the news provided on internet as well as he is now able to produce news (Perse and Jennifer). Internet provides a chance to their audience of expressing their views to the world by commenting on news. The term new media refers to the e-papers of the mainstream newspapers and various social networking sites like face book, twitters. Since, the use of internet has been increased in the year of 1995, it is known as Year of Internet. Social media provides a transparent service to its consumers. It feeds the news seeker. Readers can access new media for news at any time they want. It has some negative aspects as well. Young generation is greatly affected by social media. According to a report, among 500 million users 50% users of facebook access their account everyday. Thus it can be stated that a huge number of young peo ple are being inspired by the news posted on the social media. Trust scale of new media is higher than that of traditional media. Mainstream media has failed to achieve the trust and confidence of modern generation. New media has provided the opportunity of citizen journalism. Now people can share local news through their facebook, whatsapp, and blogs with rest of the world. People are gifted with the opportunity to share their views over an issue. The culture of journalism is changing with the development of new media (Reddick and Leonidas). In previous age, media houses used to provide genuine news. However, now traditional media is relying on social media to promote their content. Like facebook, twitter handle. Priority has been shifted from hardcore journalism to high profile business organization. The main aim of conventional media is to run a successful business organization and feed the consumers. Sometime the media houses depend on the social media for national and international news. Very few reporters are now connected with their circl e properly. They are using social media as a tool for collecting news (Westerman, Patric and Brandon). This is how the mainstream media has lost its authenticity. Social media plays an important role in engaging people through their transparent news service, whereas on the other hand very few people rely upon newspaper, television and radio for news update. Conventional media still have the capability to drag the attention of consumers as it consists of its own style of presenting news. Being an authentic news source, people rely on traditional media. According to some observers, mainstream media needs to do some research work to deal with these hindrances. They must understand running business organization cannot be the only motive of a media house. Their primary aim must be providing genuine news to news seekers. Since reporters play key role in a news organization, they must be loyal to their job. It is their responsibility to serve the readers. Mainstream media houses need to review the style of their performance to survive in this online era. Reference: Bagdikian, Ben H.The new media monopoly: A completely revised and updated edition with seven new chapters. Beacon Press, 2014. Belch, George, and Michael Belch. "The role of new and traditional media in the rapidly changing marketing communications environment."International Journal of Strategic Innovative Marketing1.3 (2014): 130-136. Perse, Elizabeth M., and Jennifer Lambe.Media effects and society. Routledge, 2016. Reddick, Christopher, and Leonidas Anthopoulos. "Interactions with e-government, new digital media and traditional channel choices: citizen-initiated factors."Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy8.3 (2014): 398-419. Saxton, Gregory D., and Lili Wang. "The social network effect: The determinants of giving through social media."Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly43.5 (2014): 850-868. Westerman, David, Patric R. Spence, and Brandon Van Der Heide. "Social media as information source: Recency of updates and credibility of information."Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication19.2 (2014): 171-183.

Of mice and Men Essays (729 words) - English-language Films

Of Mice and Men takes place in the 1930?s in America during the Great Depression. Before the Great Depression America was known as the land of opportunities the place where all could find their American Dream, but now the American dream is vanished, and the ideal land has become the land of misfortune. The Great Depression was a worldwide economic recession that led to numerous bank failures, high-unemployment, as well as dramatic drops in industrial production, and stock market share prices. The book ?Of Mice and Men? shows the harsh reality of the American Dream in the Great Depression. The two main characters are best friends, George Milton and Lennie Small who are poor homeless migrant workers, doomed to a life of wandering and labor in which they are never able to gain the fruits of their labor and are on the run looking for a job. George is a "small and quick," man, who may sometimes seem like he hates Lennie and doesn?t like his company, but really he is very devoted to him. Lennie is "a huge man," who is somewhat mentally retarded, and worships George's every word. Their main goal in life is to "get the jack together," purchase a few acres of land they can call their own, "an' live off the fatta the lan'.? This is their dream and their dream, however, cannot exist without friendship. The constant repetition of the way things will be is what keeps the dream alive in Lennie. George needs Lennie just as much as Lennie needs him; how else could George keep the dream alive, but at the end of the novel George seems to lose sight of his dream. When George kills Lennie at the end of the novel to save Lennie from the torture he would endure, he also kills the friendship, the light of their American Dream. George Steinbeck doesn?t stop there when portraying the ways in which the characters of the book cannot achieve their ?American Dream?, all the characters have a dream, and wish to change their lives in some fashion; but none are capable of doing so. Curley's wife longs to experience the world for herself. She is a prisoner in her own home, powerless to change her fate. She has already had her dream of being an actress pass her by and now must live a life of empty hope after her marriage with Curley, who doesn't love her. Through Crooks, Steinbeck exposes the bitterness, the anger, and the helplessness of the black American who struggles to be recognized as a human being, instead being stuck as a lower person in the eyes of a racist America. All he wants is to be let alone, and have a place of his own. The color of skin does not spare anyone in the fall of the American Dream all share the despair of wanting to change the way they live and attain something better. Even Slim, despite his wisdom and confidence, has nothing to call his own. He will remain a migrant worker until his death. Slim is different from the others in the fact that he does not seem to over-expect. He is not beaten by a dream because unlike the others he doesn?t set his sights on a dream; he seems to have reached the sad conclusion that to dream leads to despair. Candy, who has lost his hand, dreams of a place, which he can call his own. He wants somewhere he can live a quiet life all his own. He tries to achieve this with his saved earnings, doing a bit of kitchen work and gardening, but yet again, he is a victim of his unfulfilled dream. Dreams are a significant theme in Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men. Nevertheless, the dream is never fulfilled, and the characters who have counted on it are the ones who are the most devastated. Slim's comfort at the end "You hadda George", indicates the sad truth that one has to surrender one's dreams in order to survive, which is not the easiest thing to do in America, the Land of Promise. Steinbeck doesn?t believe that at anyone could really reach and succeed their ?American Dream?,